Politics and sport: Cuba
Politics and sport: CUBA
By Alejandro Guevara Onofre
Like Park Chung-hee (Asia / South Korea: 1962-1979) and Idi Amin Dada (Africa / Uganda: 1971-79), Fidel Castro is a sports fan and enjoys watching all types of Olympic sports. Fidel Castro visited training camps national team, sports schools, National Games of schools and spent time with the student-athletes and Olympic players. Since 1990 Cuban dictatorship has spent more than $ 80 million per year in the Olympic sport. However, Cuba is no paradise Olympics. Cuban history modern sports has been marked by sporting defections.
Every dictatorship has a style all her own. Rafael Leonidas Trujillo had one: Dominican music. Francis Duvalier had an: Haitian culture. Kim Jong Il has one: the cinematography. He loves movies like "Gone With the Wind", a famous American film. The dictator of North Korea has written an essay on the art of cinema. "
The regime of Idi Amin was known for torturing prisoners policies, banning dissent and freedom of expression. Under the dictatorship of Idi Amin Dada, about 350,000 people were killed. But he likes Olympic sports such as Fidel Castro Ruz. During the 1970s, he became outspoken champion of sport in the Third World. I remembered that the team Uganda has won two gold medals, four silver and three bronze medals at the Commonwealth Games in New Zealand in 1974. On the whole The Ugandan team ranked tenth, Wales, Trinidad Tobago, Tanzania and Jamaica.
Fidel Castro said: "This was the role of Cuba in Olympic broadcasting? What has he done? What was the fruit of our efforts to promote a healthy clean sports? Olympics 1972, we finished 14th among 122 countries. In the Montreal Olympics in 1976, Juantorena remembers well, and if we do-finished 8th among 88 participating countries. In 1980 in Moscow we finished 4th among the 81 countries in 1992, in Spain we finished 5th in 169 countries, and Atlanta, in 1996, we completed Eighth place among 197 countries. Can anyone deny these figures. "But under the world's oldest surviving dictatorships, the sport has become a useful tool for women and men's access to freedom.
Certainly, Cuban sport is a story of both frustration and miracles. The Cuban government has responded with increduly in 1980, when Roberto Urrutia, a weightlifter, unexpectedly announced his decision to seek asylum in the United States. At age 14 Urrutia made weightlifting high priority, and ten months later, he set national records. Urrutia joined Pan American Championship in 1975 at the age 18 years and has won gold medals for Cuba. In December, in Matanzas, he became the first weightlifter to Latin America for a world record. In 1976, he finally realized his dream of attending the Olympics. As Juantorena (athletics), Teofilo Stevenson (boxing) and Mireya Luis Hernandez (volleyball), Roberto Urrutia Hernandez, former member of the Union of Communist Youth, was a symbol of the Cuban Revolution. Roberto, was born December 12, 1956, in Havana, won three gold medals at the 1978 World Championships in weightlifting and ended the Soviet's World years of domination of international weightlifting. Certainly, he was elected Hero of the Year by Prensa Latina. Before the Moscow Olympic Games, Roberto Urrutia defected to the United States via Mexico.
In recent years we have seen a number of events take place: Taimaris Aguero, a player, came to seek freedom in Italy; Odelin Molina, an outstanding football player in Havana have requested political asylum in the United States, and Dulce Tellez, a sportswoman, came to San Juan in Puerto Rico.
Aguero, who at 1.77, was considered one of the best athletes Women in the Americas, at the age of 16, she became the youngest person to be a member of the Cuban team. During the 1993 World Junior Sao Paulo, Brazil, Aguero finished first in the competition for best composer. When Tanya Ortyz, composer from 1987 to 1995, announced his intention to retire at the end of 1995, Aguero was considered a leading candidate for the position. Therefore, it was keywoman when Cuba finished first at the World Championships 1998. In 2000 Aguero helped the Cuban team reach victory in the Olympic Games. If this is not the most great composer's more, it is certainly the most famous in the history of volleyball. Today Taimaris Aguero is one of the most memorable and most expensive sports by the Cubans. Behind baseball, volleyball is the most popular sport in Cuba.
Dulce Tellez was named best player 2006 Pan American Championship in Puerto Rico. Under his leadership Cuba won the bronze medal in volleyball in the 2004 Olympics in Athens. It left Cuba in July 2006, three months before the World Championships in Tokyo. Before the World Championships in 2006, Cuba was ranked third in the world. Now He is seventh. Meanwhile, Odelin Molina, was born in August 1974, in Havana, was one of the best player in Cuba and played 1991 World Championship under 16 in Italy. In 1995, he defected to the United States, where he now lives.
SPORTING defections
1. Abvin Sánchez, Lazaro-Soccer 1995 … United States …-
2. Aguero, Taimaris volleyball … 2001 …. Switzerland
3. Aldama, Yamilé-Track & Field … 2003 … UK
4. Arocha, Rene de Baseball … 1991 … U.S.
5. Arrojo, Rolando-Baseball … 1996 … U.S.
6. Bartholomew, Giorbis-Boxing … 1990 … U.S.
7. Blanco, Enrico-Boxing … 1967 … Canada
8. Bordabehere Roger-Cycling … 1994 … Venezuela
9. Borrell, Rico Lazaro-Basketball … 1999 … Puerto
10. Brito Ferrer, Michel-Gymnastics … 0.2003 … U.S.
11. Brito, Javier-Volleyball … 2004 … Puerto Rico
12. Caballero, Angel Oscar-ball … 1999 … Puerto Rico
13. Cala Yosleider volleyball … 2003 … Puerto Rico
14. Campoalegre, Ramón-Water Polo … 1998 … U.S.
15. Casamayor, Joel-Boxing … … .. 1993 … .. United States
16. Castillo, Ulises U.S. Boxing … … … … .. 0.1993 U.S.
17. Contreras, Ariel Jose Baseball … 2002 … Nicaragua
18. Chappe, Taimi-Fencing … 2002 … Spain
19. De la Pena, Janerky-exercise … 2003 … U.S.
20. Delgado, Alberto-Soccer … 2002 … U.S.
21. Dennis, Angel-Volleyball … 2001 … Belgium
22. Diaz, Juan Carlos baseball … 1996 … Dominican Republic
23. Dominguez, Ivan bike … 1998 … U.S.
24. Duquesne, Alfredo-Basketball … 1994 … Canada.
25. Garbey, Ramón-Boxing … … … … .. 1993 … U.S.
26. García Rico Ives-Swimming … 2001 … Puerto
27. Garcia, Osvaldo Junior Water Polo … 1995 … U.S.
28. García Martínez, Aliet-Soccer … 2000 … .. U.S.
29. Gato, Ramón-Volleyball … 2001 … Belgium
30. Gilbert, Andres Rico-ball … 0.1993 … Puerto
31. Gomez, Juan Carlos-Boxing .. … … Germany 0.1995
32. González, José-Cycling … 1994 … Venezuela
33. Gregory Elvis-Fencing … 2002 … Portugal
34. GRIÑÁN Fernando-Soccer … … … 0.1996. U.S.
35. Guillen, Alain-Water Polo … 1998 … U.S.
36. Guillen, Arnaldo-Water Polo … 1998 … U.S.
37. Hernández, Adrian-Baseball … 2000 … Dominican Republic
38. Hernandez, Alain Rica football … 2000 … Costa
39. Hernandez, Ihosvany volleyball … 2001 … Belgium
40. Hernandez, Jorge Luis-Volleyball … 2001 … Belgium
41. Hernandez, Livan-Baseball … 1995 … Mexico
42. Hernandez, Odalys-Softball … 0.1993 … Puerto Rico
43. Hernández, Orlando-Baseball … 1997 … Boat
44. Herrera, Roberto Carlos-Basketball … 0.1999 … Puerto Rico
45. Herrera, Ruperto-Basketball … 1994 … Canada
46. Hurtado, Diobelys-Boxing … 1995 … U.S.
47. Ibañez, Ciro-Weightlifting … 1986 United ….- States
48. Juncosa, Abel-Shooting … 0.1999 …. Canada
49. Lapera, Ulises-Field Hockey … 1999 … Canada
50. León Tamayo, Charles-Gymnastics … 2003 … U.S.
51. Marshall, Leonel-Volleyball … 2001 … Belgium
52. Martinez, Juan Carlos-Water Polo … 1993 … U.S.
53. Martinez, Rey-Soccer … 2002 … U.S.
54. Matienzo, Richard-Basketball … 0.1994 … Canada
55. Miranda, Arturo-Diving … 1995 … Canada
56. Montalvo, Niurka-Track and Field … 1997 … Greece
57. Muñoz, Daimar-Swimming … 1998 … Puerto Rico
58. Nuñez, Jesús-Cycling … 1998 … Venezuela
59. Nunez, Vladimir-Baseball … 1995 … Venezuela
60. Ortega, William-Baseball … 1996 … Mexico.
61. Perez, Angel-Kayak … 1993 … U.S.
62. Perez, Jose-Track & Field … 1997 … Puerto Rico
63. Piedra, Armando-Water Polo … 1995 … U.S.
64. Pino, Héctor-Basketball … 1999 … Puerto Rico
65. Ramirez, Rio Rico diving … 1993 … Puerto
66. Rodriguez Heriberto-Cycling … 1998 … Venezuela
67. Osorio Rodriguez, Gunther-Swimming … 2003 … Puerto Rico
68. Mayeta Romero, volleyball Lase … 2001 … Bélgica
69. Rosales, Nubis-Swimming … 1998 … Puerto Rico
70. Salas, Maikel Rico volleyball … 2004 … Puerto
71. Sánchez, Alex-ball … In 1994 … boat
72. Sánchez Alexis Track & Field … 1998 …. Puerto Rico
73. Toca, Jorge Luis-Baseball … 1998 … Boat
74. Trevejo, Iván-Fences … 2002 … Portugal
75. Urrutia, Roberto-Weightlifting … 0.1980 …. Mexico
76. Valdés, Tatiana-Kayak … 1994 … U.S.
77. Vázquez, Juan-Basketball … 0.1999 …. Canada
78. Wilson, Jesús-Wrestling … 1994 United States …-
79. Zayas, Daniel Weightlifting … 1987 … U.S.
REFERENCES
Jorge Alfonso. "Cuba los Juegos ", Bohemia, Havana, 26 de julio de 1991
-Kevin Baxter. "Contreras learn money changes everything", Miami Herald, Miami, January 5, 2003
El equipo cubano de Volleyball Su Sufra novena fuga de jugadores en el extranjero, in
-Enciclopedia de los Olímpicos Nacionales Tomo-Committees 3. Committee Olympic International Lausane, junio 1980
-EE.UU: tercer atleta de Cuba in Deserta Campeonato Gimnasia, 25 de agosto de 2003, Mario Fernández. El Pariente pobre ", Suplemento Deportivo Deportetotal Diario El Comercio, Lima, 31 de mayo de 2004
Urbano-Fernández. "Deporte: Las pesas hacia Moscú", Cuba Internacional La Habana, mayo de 1980
Lidz, Franz. "After the fall", Sports Illustrated, New York, 15 to 22 July 2002
Anne-Marie Garcia. "The frustración Yamilé of Aldama ", Granma Internacional, La Habana, 20 de febrero de 2000
… … … … … … … Ivan Trevejo Recuerda a los Martires of Barbados " Granma Internacional, La Habana, 3 de diciembre de 2000
Montesinos, Enrique. "La batalla por reparar los atleta infamy cons cubanos no ha terminado", Granma, La Habana, 24 de octubre de 1999
-Volume III of the competition results: The official report of the Centennial Olympic Games, The Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games, Atlanta, 19997
-The official results of the 1984 Olympic Games Olympic Record, Olympic Committee, Pasadena, 1984
Manuel Valle. "Taimi Chappé Valladares: espada victorias "in El Derecho del Deporte Pueblo, La Habana, 11 de diciembre de 1991
About the Author
Alejandro Guevara Onofre:Writing is my great passion and I can´t imagine life without writing.I am versatile writer:international relations, biographies, Olympics Games, countries and World history.I have studied Political Science and Journalism.Furthermore, I have been studying Lierature, Olympic History and United States History. I have written and edited many books.I am an author of more than 400 essays and articles…for example “Politics and Sports:Cuba”